01 · Headline numbers

Where the architecture compounds.

DCA · Departure delay
10.6%
Volume-weighted reduction at Ronald Reagan Washington National. Three intersecting runways operating within tightly restricted airspace.
DFW · Arrival delay
17%
Volume-weighted reduction at Dallas Fort Worth International. One of the busiest multi-runway hubs in the world.
Annual savings
$579M
Annualized savings across the airports modeled, calculated using published aircraft-minute cost constants.
Airports tested
27
Major U.S. airports across hub categories. Simulation framework operates against BTS-calibrated baselines for each.
02 · By the airport

Selected results.

Volume-weighted reductions against baseline operations. The strongest signal appears at high-complexity hubs (ATL, DFW, DCA, IAD); lower-complexity airports show modest or no improvement.

Departure delay reduction

DCAReagan National10.56%
DFWDallas Fort Worth8.73%
IADDulles7.27%
ATLHartsfield-Jackson6.87%
HNLHonolulu6.26%
LGALaGuardia6.07%
BOSBoston Logan4.36%
PDXPortland3.98%
DTWDetroit Metro3.41%
LASHarry Reid3.35%

Arrival delay reduction

DFWDallas Fort Worth16.95%
DCAReagan National14.13%
PHLPhiladelphia12.25%
MIAMiami12.14%
PDXPortland10.00%
LAXLos Angeles9.64%
ATLHartsfield-Jackson9.54%
HNLHonolulu4.90%
03 · Methodology

Monte Carlo at scale.

Each airport result was generated through Monte Carlo simulation across thousands of replications, varying stochastic operational conditions to validate improvement signal under realistic uncertainty. Baselines are calibrated to Bureau of Transportation Statistics operational data.

Simulation framework

MONTE CARLO · 3,600 REPLICATIONS PER AIRPORT · BTS-CALIBRATED BASELINES · OSM-DERIVED AIRPORT GRAPHS

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